A Novel Energy threshold based Location Aided Routing in MANET

In Mobile Ad hoc Network (MANET) all the nodes are mobile in nature having limited battery capacity that is called energy. Due to the dynamic behavior of network connection are not maintained for long time. All nodes in network are energy dependent and efficient energy utilization is one of the important issue in MANET. In this paper we proposed a new location based energy efficient scheme with AODV (LAR-EAODV) protocol. In this scheme energy dependent nodes are do routing with AODV protocol on the basis of location based protocol LAR (Location Aided Routing protocol). Nodes in network are not intimated about their energy status, for that energy threshold value of 10% are used to remove the suddenly link breakage. If the nodes in network are know about the energy status and also about the status of location of receiver that reduces the energy consumption. If the node ia apart of communication then in that case no link is break but if not then break. The main aim of proposed scheme is to enhance the energy utilization in network. In this paper we do the simulation in ns-2 simulator and maintain energy consumption table of nodes in previous scheme and proposed scheme and calculate the remaining energy of nodes till end of simulation, on that basis the energy utilization is increases in network and their performance is measure on the basis of performance parameter like Normal Routing Load, Packet Delivery Ratio etc. Keywords— MANET, LAR-EAODV ,LAR,NS-2,Energy Utilization,Threshold. Introduction A Mobile ad hoc network [MANET] is a decentralize network where mobile nodes are connected by wireless links without any pre-established infrastructure. A large degree of freedom and self organizing capability makes it completely different from other networks. It is one of the challenging and more innovative areas of wireless networking with many applications in different field. The applications are applicable in disaster management, rescue operations, vehicular network, agro sensing, pollution monitoring and many more. Ad hoc networking improves the efficiency of fixed and mobile internet access and enables totally new applications such as sensor and mesh networks. With its significant advantages over. the traditional wired network there also exist some challenges [1] like unpredictable mobility, restricted battery power, limited bandwidth, multi hop routing, dynamic topology, security etc. Among all these, efficient utilization of energy is one of the important concerns as nodes are battery operated. Energy efficiency continues to be a key performance metric as efficient utilization of energy increases the network longevity hence critical in enhancing the network capacity. So efforts are made to reduce the energy consumption in different ways. Recently it is reported in the literature that energy conservation can be done at all layer of the network protocol stack. Different study suggests different techniques to handle energy issue in different way. In this paper we propose ta novel techniques to reduced energy consumption and enhance energy utilization. Deployment of ad-hoc network leads to many challenges such as limited battery power or energy, limited bandwidth, multi hop routing, dynamic topology, security [2]. But, the major issue in MANET is energy consumption since nodes are usually mobile and batteryoperated. Energy loss of a mobile node affects its functionality thus the overall network lifetime. To prolong life time of the network, ad-hoc routing protocol should consider energy consumption. Efficient minimum energy routing schemes can greatly reduce energy consumption and extends the lifetime of the networks. The LAR [5] scheme determines a request zone. This request zone contains the source node S and the expected zone. The sides of the rectangle are parallel to the x-axis and the yaxis. For ex: the source node S depends on the expected zone to determine the four corners of the request zone. Node S includes their coordinates with the route request message transmitted when the route discovery is initiated. When a node receives a route request, it discards the request if the node is not within the request zone. For instance, if node I receives the route request from another node, node I forwards the request to its neighbors because it is located in the request zone. However, when node J receives the route request, node J discards the request, as node J is not within the request zone. The (AODV) [13] Ad hoc on demand routing protocol is a On demand Reactive routing protocol. In this protocol if the sender S want to establish connection with destination D, it first generate a RREQ (Route Request) to the entire neighbor which are in radio range. The RREQ also contains the most recent sequence number for the destination valid destination route must have a sequence number at least as great as that contained in the RREQ. When a RREQ reaches a destination node, the destination route is made available by unicasting a RREP (Route Reply) back to the source route. A node generates a RREP if it is itself the destination it has an active route to the destination. Ex: an intermediate node may also respond with an RREP if it has a “fresh enough” route to the destination. As the RREP propagates back to the source node, intermediate nodes update their routing tables (in the direction of the destination node).RERR (Route Error) message is broadcast for broken links generated directly by a node or passed on when received from another node The rest of this paper is organized as follows. Section 2 presents related work and problem statement are defined in section 3, the proposed scheme is developed in Section 4. Simulation Richa Jain et al, / (IJCSIT) International Journal of Computer Science and Information Technologies, Vol. 4 (2) , 2013, 392 397